Abstract:

Background: the cause of the development of traumatic hernias of the diaphragm is its damage due to open or closed injury In modern conditions, the diaphragm injury is most common trauma in falling from height and car accidents (multiple trauma), and can be unnoticed in againts the background of other injuries.

The dislocation of abdominal organs into the pleural cavity occurs in various, sometimes long, time periods after trauma. This situation is determined by the gradual increase in the size of the defect due to the difference in pressure in the abdominal and pleural cavities.

Aim: was to study the importance of radiodiagnosis of traumatic hernias of the diaphragm.

Materials and methods: two rare clinical cases of traumatic diaphragmatic hernias are presented. In one observation - a woman of 81 years, in the second - a 66 years old man. Results: a woman with a history of trauma as a result of a car accident 10 years ago, basec on a comprehensive survey, revealed posttraumatic hernia of the right half of the diaphragm with a dislocation into the pleural cavity of the small and large intestine.

In the second case report (male), an old rupture of the left half of the diaphragm of unknowr prescription of injury was revealed with the dislocation of the greater part of the intestine and the left kidney

Conclusion. To diagnose traumatic hernias of the diaphragm, a comprehensive examination of patients is necessary. Plain radiography can detect the dislocation of abdominal organs into the pleural cavity, and examination of the gastrointestinal tract with a water-soluble contrast drug is a violation of the passage.

Multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) in case of such pathology, has a greater importance, because thin sections give the highest resolving power. The construction of multiplanar reformation allows obtaining more complete information on the dislocation of organs, visualizing the defect of the diaphragm and determining its exact localization.

References

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Abstract:

During our research we have studied x-ray and morphology features of lungs sarcoidosis (LS), levelof fibrosis disorders and rate of pulmonary hypertention (PHT) as a way of calculation pulmonary-thoracical index (PTI) during chest multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT). We have examined 50 patients aged 30-75 with different forms of lungs sarcoidosis. As a result of clinical aboratory, x-ray and morphologicaldata comparison patients were divided into 3 groups.During data analysis we found out that PHT leads to inverse connection of PTIdecrease with increase of interstitial fibrosis (the most expressed changes were in group of patients with chronic recur disease current

The analysis data allows to reveal early symptoms of PHT, that promotes well-timed tactics of treatment.

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Abstract:

Purpose. Was to define the capability of multi-slice computed tomography angiography (MSCT-angiography) in diagnostics of arteriove-nosus conflict in patients with primary and recurrent varicocele.

Materials and methods. 46 patients with left-side varicocele were underwent MSCT-angiography: 36 had firstly diagnosed disease, 10 had recurrent types. Capability of MSCT-angiography in the zone of possible arteriovenosus conflicts was estimated on the base of imaging analysis: axial, multiplanar and 3D-imaging of left renal vein (LRV), a.mesenterica superior (AMS) in aortomesenterical zone, and crossing place of left iliaca communis vein(LICV) and right iliaca communis artery (LICA). We have investigated structure features of left testiculars vein (LTV) in patients with primary and recurrent varicocele.

Results. All the patients during axial imaging analysis we have investigated the crossing place of LRV and LICV with conflict arteries - AMS and LICA. We have revealed featured of LRV, compressed by AMS, on the base of axial and multiplanar imaging changes. Analysis of axial multiplanar and 3D-reconstruction has showed high capability in diagnostics of arteriovenosus conflict on the level LICV Study of multiplanar and CT-imaging in case of LICV valve insufficiency and different types of anatomy is possible

Conclusions. Taking into consideration diagnostic capability, technical simplicity and high sensitivity of MSCT-angiography in diagnostics of arteriovenosus conflicts in varicocele, this methodic must be included in algorithm of patients examination in case of primary and recurrent varicocele. MSCT-angiography in definition of haemodynamic types of disorders can promote the right choice of surgical correction.

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